Retrograde Transport Pathway. Figure 2 from Rab5 and Rab7 Control Endocytic Sorting along the Axonal Mechanistic studies that explore the molecular machinery involved in this retrograde trafficking route are shedding light on the functions of transport proteins and are providing fresh. The toxin undergoes retrograde vesicular transport from the TGN, via the Golgi cisternae, to the ER before the catalytic A fragment crosses a membrane
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The retrograde transport of membrane proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) is essential for internalization and recycling of membrane proteins which control a variety of physiological processes including (i) lysosomal biogenesis, (ii) ion and glucose transport, (iii) processing and secretion of polypeptide precursors and (iv) secretion of signaling proteins that regulate. In fact, the analysis of such toxins led to the discovery and description of retrograde transport pathways involved in endosome-to-Golgi transport (Olsnes and Pihl, 1972; Montanaro et al., 1973; Gonatas et al., 1975)
Two plausible pathways for rabies virus (RABV) retrograde transport in
Retrograde traffic from the cis-Golgi to the ERGIC or the ER occurs through either COPI-coated vesicles or through a less well characterized RAB6-dependent route that makes use of tubular carriers (reviewed in Lord et al, 2013; Spang et al, 2013; Heffernan and Simpson, 2014). Retrograde transport of growth-inhibitory signals may be part of the normal neuronal maturation pathway during development The anterograde pathway, from the endoplasmic reticulum through the trans-Golgi network to the cell surface, is utilized by trans-membrane and secretory proteins.The retrograde pathway, which directs traffic in the opposite direction, is used following endocytosis of exogenous molecules and recycling of membrane proteins.
Overview of components involved in the retrograde trafficking of Stx. Generalised simplified retrograde routes available to ER trafficking toxins and viruses.Association of the toxin/receptor complex or virus/receptor complex with a receptor in detergent resistant membrane microdomains (DRM) facilitates uptake in caveosomes (C) or transport from early/sorting endosomes (EE/SE) to the TGN, directing a proportion of the toxin or virus away from the late endosome. Initially, it was considered that mammalian retromer functions in the equivalent retrograde transport pathway, as demonstrated by retromer dependency of retrograde transport of cation-independent.
Figure 2 from Rab5 and Rab7 Control Endocytic Sorting along the Axonal. Retrograde transport of growth-inhibitory signals may be part of the normal neuronal maturation pathway during development The toxin undergoes retrograde vesicular transport from the TGN, via the Golgi cisternae, to the ER before the catalytic A fragment crosses a membrane